how connect remote mysql server

how connect remote mysql server :-

By Default remote access to MySQL database server is disabled for security reasons. However, some time you need to provide remote access to database server from home or a web server. so how do i enable remote access to mysql database server ..

there are following steps to allow remote connection to mysql server ..

Step # 1 Login Using SSH (if server is outsite your data center)
First, login over ssh to remote MySQL database server:

ssh user@mysql.test.in

Step # 2: Edit my.cnf File

Once connected you need to edit the MySQL server configuration file my.cnf using a text editor such as vi.

Edit /etc/my.cnf, run:

OR

# vi /etc/my.cnf

Step # 3: Once file opened, locate line that read as follows

[mysqld]

Make sure line skip-networking is commented (or remove line) and add following line

bind-address=YOUR-SERVER-IP

For example, if your MySQL server IP is 20.1.1.2 then entire block should be look like as follows:

[mysqld]

user = mysql

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

basedir = /usr

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

language = /usr/share/mysql/English

bind-address = 20.1.1.2

# skip-networking

....

..

....

Where,

§ bind-address : IP address to bind to.

§ skip-networking : Don’t listen for TCP/IP connections at all. All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets. This option is highly recommended for systems where only local requests are allowed. Since you need to allow remote connection this line should be removed from my.cnf or put it in comment state.

Step# 4 Save and Close the file

Restart the mysql server, enter:
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

Step # 5 Grant access to remote IP address

Connect to mysql server:
$ mysql -u root -p mysql

Grant access to a new database

If you want to add a new database called foo for user bar and remote IP 20.1.1.1 then you need to type the following commands at mysql> prompt:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE foo;

mysql> CREATE USER 'bar'@'20.1.1.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD';

mysql> GRANT ALL ON foo.* TO bar@'20.1.1.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD';

OR

if for all database than use *.* instead of foo.* ..

mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO bar@'20.1.1.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD';

mysql> flush privileges;

How Do I Grant Access To An Existing Database?

Let us assume that you are always making connection from remote IP called 20.1.1.1 for database called webdb for user webadmin, To grant access to this IP address type the following command At mysql> prompt for existing database, enter:
mysql> update db set Host='20.1.1.1' where Db='webdb';
mysql> update user set Host='20.1.1.1' where user='webadmin';

Step # 5: Logout of MySQL

Type exit command to logout mysql:mysql> exit

Step # 6: Open port 3306

You need to open TCP port 3306 using iptables or BSD pf firewall.

A sample iptables rule to open Linux iptables firewall

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT

OR only allow remote connection from your web server located at 20.1.1.3:

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 20.1.1.3 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT

OR only allow remote connection from your lan subnet 192.168.1.0/24:

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT

Finally save all rules:
# service iptables save

A sample FreeBSD / OpenBSD pf rule ( /etc/pf.conf)

pass in on $ext_if proto tcp from any to any port 3306

OR allow only access from your web server located at 20.1.1.3:

pass in on $ext_if proto tcp from 20.1.1.3 to any port 3306 flags S/SA synproxy state

Step # 7: Test it

From your remote system or your desktop type the following command:
$ mysql -u webadmin –h 20.1.1.2 –p
Where,

§ -u webadmin: webadmin is MySQL username

§ -h IP or hostname: 20.1.1.2 is MySQL server IP address or hostname (FQDN)

§ -p : Prompt for password

You can also use telnet to connect to port 3306 for testing purpose:
$ telnet 20.1.1.2 3306

Simply we can execute following command on 20.1.1.2 after allow 3306 port from ip tables .. if root user ..

mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'20.1.1.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'20.1.1.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'pasword';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

Thanks

Si